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La gestion des ressources humaines en milieu rural : l’exemple du Pays Couserans

2006



Dans cet article, l’auteur détaille une action menée par les élus locaux pour améliorer le développement socio-économique du territoire. La gestion prévisionnelle des emplois et des compétences s’y inscrit au travers de la recherche d’un développement local. L’expérience du Pays Couserans illustre l’enjeu que représente, à un moment donné et pour un territoire, la gestion des ressources humaines, ici dans le cadre d’une meilleure structuration des acteurs du territoire.




Petit bassin d’emploi pyrénéen, le Couserans occupe la partie occidentale du département de l’Ariège. Il est traversé par 18 vallées, dont celle du Salat. D’une superficie de 1700 km², il compte 29000 habitants (stabilité par apports migratoires), soit en moyenne 17 hab/km². Saint Girons, ville centre et carrefour du pays, compte environ 6300 habitants (recensement 1999 ; -14 % depuis 1982 au profit de son agglomération d’environ 12000 hab).

Le territoire se divise entre une zone de piémont à vocation agricole et résidentielle plutôt attractive au nord (300 – 600 mètres d’altitude) et une partie plus montagneuse au sud (jusqu’à 2800 mètres d’altitude), frontalière de l’Espagne, cul de sac mué par le tourisme saisonnier.

L’organisation administrative du territoire s’articule autour de 8 communautés de communes, (95 communes) réunies en Syndicat Mixte de pays.

En 1996 est créée une « Association de Développement du Couserans » (ADC), structure de coordination des procédures de « contrat de terroir » initiée par la Région. L’association est chargée, dès la fin 1998, de l’orientation vers la construction d’un pays Voynet, avant que soit envisagé ultérieurement, par l’échelon départemental, la création d’un parc naturel régional. Dans une démarche qui se veut aussi de « démocratie participative » et dans l’optique de la formation du « conseil de développement » du futur pays, les socioprofessionnels couserannais, les « forces vives locales », sont consultés, notamment pour le travail de réunion et de réflexion qui mènera à la rédaction de la « charte de pays ».

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